Engine.



No. 7I3.,320. Patented Nov. l'l, I902.

' J. P. MAGNEY.

ENGINE.

(Application filed Feb. 13, 1902,) (No Model.) 3 $heetsSheet l.

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No. 713,320. Patented Nov. u, I902. J. P. MAGNEY.

ENGINE.

' {Application filed FeB. 13, 1902.] (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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-I. P. MAGNEY.

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(Application filed Feb. 13, 1902.1

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UruTnn' STATES PATENT JOSEPH P. MAGNEY, OF ALLEGAN, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THEODORE S. UPDYKE, OF ALLEGAN, MICHIGAN.

ENGlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 713,320, dated November 11, 1902.

Application filed February 13, 1902- Serial No. 93,932. (No model.) i

To all w/wm/ it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH P. MAGNEY, of Allegan, in the county of Allegau and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engines; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form part of this specification.

to This invention is an improvement in engines of the reciprocating-piston type; and its objects are to utilize the full expansive power of the propelling fluid or gas by doing away with fixed abutments and making both the piston and cylinder movable, mounting each on opposed cranks, and intergearing these cranks, so that the force expended in moving both cylinder and crank is transmitted to the main shaft or driven, and to make the working parts simple and few in number.

The present invention consists, primarily, in the novel construction of a multiple-cylinder engine and, secondarily, in the novel construction of the cylinders and pistons, in the novel construction and arrangement of inlet and outlet ports, and, finally, in other novel details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter claimed, and all of which will be clearly understood from the following description and the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a simple form of engine embodying the invention, and in which Figure 1 is a top plan view of the engine with the upper part of casing removed. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section therethrough with the shafts turned one-quarter of a revolution from the position shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is 40 a transverse section on line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on line 4: 4, Fig. 2.

The casing of the engine is preferably horizontally divided into an upper part A and lower part A, which are rigidly united by suitable tie-bolts A and nuts, as shown. Within this casing the operative parts of the engine are arranged, and while the casing is not an essential feature of the invention it affords a convenient base and rigid housing for the parts. The lower half of the casing is provided with three pairs of journal-bearings a a, o in which are journaled three parallel crank-shafts B and E E. The central shaft 13 is the main one, and the others, E E, one on each side of shaft B, are auxiliary shafts.

Shaft B has a crank 13 between its bearings, on which crank is mounted the cylinders O O, said'cylinders being preferablydiametrically opposite and each extends toward the adjoining shaft-E. The cylinders O O are rotatably supported and journaled on crank B by means of laterally extending half-boxes O on the inner ends of the cylinders, which between them embrace the crank B, and the opposed half-boxes being secured together by bolts C thereby securely journaling and supporting thec-ylinders on the crank B.

Ooacting with each cylinder O is a piston D, which is supported and journaled upon the crank E of the adjoining shaft E, each piston being preferably counterbalanced by a diametrically opposite similar part D the piston and part D having laterally-extending half-boxes D on their inner ends embracing cranks E and secured together by bolts D as shown.

The cylinders O (J are counterbalanced by eccentric Weights B on shaft B, and the pistons D D are also counterbalanced by eccentric Weights E on shafts E, so that the parts will operate smoothly and the engine be well balanced.

It will be observed that the cylinders and pistons always maintain perfect horizontal or axial alinement, yet the cylinders and pistons gyrate with the respective cranks to which they are attached and the pistons move oppositely to the cylinders as shafts E E rotate o oppositely to shaft B, said shafts being intergeared by similar gears B and E E as shown, to cause them to rotate synchronously.

The propelling fluid, such as steam, may be admitted into cylinders O alternately by any suitable valve mechanism and arrangement of parts. Preferably I utilize the cranks and shafts as the valve mechanism, as shown in Fig. 2. The outer end ofshaft B is connected, by means of a stuffing-box F, with a supply-pipe F, which may connect with a boiler or other expansive-fluid supply. The steam passes thence through an inlet-passage b in shaft B and crank B to an inlet-port 1), extending laterally through the crank and adapted to communicate .successively with corresponding ports 0 in the inner ends or heads of cylinder 0, as shown, so that steam will be admitted alternately into said cylinders when the pistons D are at the inner ends of or telescoped into the cylinders.

Diametrically opposite port I) in crank B is a similar outlet-port 19 which is adapted to register with the cylinder-ports c, alternating withports 1). Port 17 also communicates with an outlet-passage 5 leading on through crank B and shaft B to an opening 12 through which the steam is preferably permitted to escape into the casing. The ports b b and their respective passages 12 b are separated by a bridge or partition b so that steam or fluid cannot pass directly from passage 1) to passage b The port registers with one cylinder when port Z) registers with the other, so that steam is exhausted from one cylinder simultaneously with its admission into the other.

In order to more rapidly exhaust the steam and empty the cylinders at the end of their working strokes, the cylinders C may be provided with an annular series of exhaustopcnings 0 near their outer ends, as shown.

' The cylinders O are also provided with lon gitudinal extensions C on their outer ends, forming guides to support and direct the pistons D when in their outermost positions and prevent the pistons and cylinders wabbling in action.

The exhaust-steam surrounds all the working parts of the engine within the casing and is utilized to carry lubricant to all the working parts of the engine, eventually escaping from the casing through an outlet A whence it may be piped to any convenient point of discharge.

The operation of the engine is as follows: Steam. being admitted into passage Z) passes into the cylinder 0, with which port Z) is registering, and acting against the cylinder and piston forces them apart. The piston and cylinder both being mounted on cranks have an orbital movement as well as a reciprocal movement relative to each other; but as the crank-shafts are inter-geared the power exerted in moving both piston and cylinder is conserved and transmitted to the main shaft B. The other piston and cylinder meanwhile are moved oppositely until the first piston and cylinder complete their working stroke, at which time the second cylinder and piston are in position to begin their Working stroke, whereupon the inlet-port b (which is rotating with crank B) is brought into communication with the port 0 of the second cylinder, and simultaneously exhaust-port 19 comes into register with port 0 of the first cylinder.

Thus the opposite cylinders and pistons act alternately, the working stroke of one cylinder and piston eifecting through the connections shown the return of the other cylinder and piston to working position, the working strokes taking place when the cranks E B are moving away from each other and the non-working strokes occurring when cranks B E are approaching each other.

The cylinders and pistons have a thrust action on their respective cranks when working, and thus relieve the bolts 0 D of strain. The cylinders and pistons, furthermore, always maintain a horizontal or axial alinement during their reciprocating and gyratory or orbital movements.

I do not restrict myself to the precise construction, arrangement, or combination of parts herein shown and described, for all of 'these may be varied to suit the designer and according to the horse-power of the engine and the particular motive fluid to be used therein, and the means for admitting and exhausting the Working gases may also be varied, although I consider the arrangement of ports shown in drawings the simplest, and such arrangement makes the crank serve as the controlling-valve. The time and extent of the admission and exhaustion of steam to and from the cylinders through ports I) and b can be regulated by properly proportioning the size and location of said ports in the crank B and of ports 0 in the cylinder-heads. As the machine shown could be utilized as a pump for fluids or gases by simply driving shaft B by extraneous power and admitting fluid through one set of ports and forcing it out through the other set, I consider such use or adaptation of my invention as within the scope of my claims and covered thereby.

Having thus described my invention, what I therefore claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent thereon, is-

1. In combination adjacent intergeared crank-shafts, an open-ended cylinder. on one crank and moving orbitally therewith, and a piston on the other crank telescoping with said cylinder, and means for admitting expansive fluids to the cylinder.

2. The combination of a pair of adjacent intergeared crank-shafts, a cylinder and a coacting piston respectively hung on the cranks of the respective shafts and moving orbitally with the crank, and means for alternately admitting steam to and from the cylinder substantially as described.

3. In combination three parallel intergeared crank-shafts, the pairs of coacting cylinders and pistons, respectively journaled on and moving orbitally with the opposed cranks of adjacent shafts and means for admitting propelling fluid to and exhausting it from the cylinders alternately.

4. The combination of three adjacent intergeared crank-shafts, a pair of opposite cylinders hung on the crank of the central shaft,

IIO

and pistons cooperating with the respective cylinders respectively hung on the cranks of the outer shafts, said cylinders and pistons having opposite orbital movements, substantially as described.

5. The combination of opposite intergeared crank-shafts, an open-ended cylinder on one crank, and a piston on the other crank telescoping with said cylinder, said cylinder and piston moving orbitally with the cranks, and a passage through the cylinder crank-shaft for admitting expansive fluids to the cylinder, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a pair of adjacent intergeared crank-shafts, a cylinder and a coacting piston respectively hung on and moving orbitally with the cranks of the respective shafts, and inlet and outlet passages for the steam propelling fluid leading through the cylinder crank-shaft, and ports in the cylinder and the cylinder-crank for alternately admitting steam to and from the cylinder, substantially as described.

7. The combination of three adjacent parallel iutergeared crank-shafts, a pair of opposite cylinders hung on and moving orbitally with the crank of the central shaft, and pistons cooperating with the respective cylinders hung on and moving orbitally with the cranks of the outer shafts, and means for admitting propelling fluid alternately into the cylinders, substantially as described.

8. The combination of three parallel intergeared shafts, cranks on the several shafts, pairs of coacting cylinders and pistons respectively journaled on and moving orbitally with opposite adjacent cranks, and inlet and outlet passages and ports in the cylindershaft and crank for admitting propelling fluid to and exhausting it from the cylinders alternately.

9. In combination a pair of adjacent intergeared cranked shafts, a cylinder hung on and moving orbitally with one crank, and a coacting piston hung on and moving orbitally with the other crank, said cylinder being provided with guides to maintain the piston in alinement therewith.

10. The combination of a cranked shaft, having a passage in its crank, and a port opening through the crank, with a cylinder journaled on said crank and moving orbitally therewith, and a port in said cylinder adapted to register with the crank-port as the crank rotates and the cylinder moves, substantially as described.

11. In combination a cranked shaft having inlet and exhaust passages therein and inlet and outlet ports opening through its crank; with a cylinder journaled on said crank having an orbital movement therewith and having a port adapted to communicate successively with the ports in the crank as the latter rotates, substantially as described.

12. The combination of a pair of adjacent intergeared cranked shafts, a cylinder hung on one crank, and a coacting piston hung on the other crank, said cylinder being provided with guides to maintain the piston in alinement therewith, said cylinder and piston moving in opposite orbits, counterbalances on the cranks for the cylinder and piston, and means for admitting steam to and from the piston, substantially as described.

13. In combination a cranked shaft, having a passage in it, and a port opening through the crank, and a cylinder journaled on said crank and moving orbitally therewith, and a port in said cylinder adapted to register with the crank-port as the crank rotates; with an opposed cranked shaft, a piston journaled on and moving orbitally with the crank thereof and coacting with the cylinder, and

gearing between said shafts, substantially as described.

14. In combination a cranked shaft having inlet and exhaust passages therein. and inlet and outlet ports opening through its crank; with a cylinder journaled on and moving orbitally with said crank and having a port adapted to communicate successively with the ports in the crank as the latter rotates; with an opposite crank-shaft, a piston journaled-thereon and moving orbitally therewith and coacting with said cylinder, and gearing between said shafts, substantially as described.

15. The combination of a cranked shaft having inlet and exhaust passages, and inlet and outlet ports opening through its crank at opposite sides thereof; with a pair of cylinders journaled on and moving orbitally with said crank each cylinder having a port adapted to successively register with the ports in the crank as the crank rotates, whereby steam is admitted to and exhausted from the cylinders alternately.

16. In an engine, three parallel cranked and intergeared shafts, a pair of open-ended axially-alined cylinders journaled on the crank of the central shaft and moving orbitally therewith, pistons respectively suspended on the cranks of the other shafts and coacting with the adjacent cylinders, said cylinders having guides to keep the pistons in alinement therewith; and in combination with inlet and outlet ports extending through the central crank and shaft, and ports in the inner ends of the cylinders adapted to alternately register with said inlet and outlet ports of said crank as the latter rotates, all substantially as described.

17. The combination of a cranked shaft having inlet and exhaust passages, and inlet and outlet ports opening through its crank at opposite sides thereof, and a pair of orbitally-moving cylindersjournaled on said crank each cylinder havinga port adapted to successively register with the ports in the crank as the latter rotates, whereby steam is admitted to and exhausted from the cylinders alternately with cranked shafts parallel With said ported shaft and geared thereto, and orbitally-moving pistons respectively suspended on the cranks of the parallel shafts and respectively coacting with the cylinders on the ported crank, all substantially as described.

18. The combination in an engine, of three parallel cranked and intergeared shafts, a pair of open-ended aXially-alined cylinders journaled on the crank of the central shaft and moving orbitally therewith, connterbal anced pistons respectively suspended on the cranks of the other shafts and coacting with the adjacent cylinders, counterbalanceweights on said shafts; with inlet and outlet ports extending through the central crank and shaft, and ports in the inner ends of the cylinders adapted to alternately register with v 5 said inlet and outlet ports of said crank as the latter rotates, all substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence 0f 20 two witnesses.

JOSEPH P. MAGNEY. Witnesses:

T. S. UPDYKE, v GEo. W. WIsE. 

